JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

to know the photogrammetric principles, types and its instrumentation methods

for applications

Course Outcomes

at the end of the course the student will able to learn Classify the

photogrammetry methods and their applications, Determine the scale, ground coordinates and the aerial extent of aerial photographs, Demonstrate interior and exterior orientation on two overlapping aerial photograph, Measure parallax and compute elevations from parallax measurements and Prepare mosaics, orthophotos and photomaps for mapping of resources.

UNIT - I

Introduction to Photogrammetry & Vertical Photographs:Aerial Camera, Film and Filter combination: film processing, Printing of Aerial Photos. Cartography: terms & definition, Map Projection, Map numbering systems, Map legend symbols- Design and layout of map. Definition of Photogrammetry - types of photographs, vertical aerial photographs, Geometry of vertical photographs, Scale of a vertical photograph over flat terrain, Scale of a Vertical photograph over variable terrain - average photo scale, methods of determining scale of vertical photographs, Ground coordinates from a vertical photograph, Relief Displacement, Flying height of a vertical photograph, Error evaluation.

UNIT - II

Stereoscopic Parallax:Principle of the Floating Mark – Stereoscopic methods of Parallax Measurement – Parallax equation – Elevations by parallax Differences – Approximate Equation for elevations from Parallax Differences – Measurement of Parallax Differences with Stereoscope& Parallax Bar- Parallax Correction Graph – Computing Flying Height and Air Base – Error Evaluation.

UNIT - III

Elementary Methods of Planimetric Mapping for GIS, Photomaps & Mosaics: Planimetric Mapping by Direct Tracing – Planimetric Mapping with Reflection and Projection Instruments – Georeferencing of Digital Imagery – Planimetric Mapping Using a Tablet Digitizer – Heads-up Digitizing – Photomaps and mosaics, Kinds of mosaics, uncontrolled digital mosaics, semi controlled Digital mosaics and Controlled Digital Mosaics

UNIT - IV

Tilted Photographs:Introduction, Angular Orientation in Tilt, Swing, and Azimuth, Auxiliary Tilted Photo coordinate system, Scale of a Tilted Photograph, Relief Displacement on a Tilted Photograph, Tilt Displacement, Angular Orientation in Omega, Phi and Kappa, Determining the elements of Exterior Orientation, Rectification of Tilted photographs, Geometry of Rectification, Analytical Rectification, Optical-Mechanical Rectification, Digital Rectification, Atmospheric Refraction in tilted aerial photographs.

UNIT - V

Stereoscopic Plotting Instruments:Classification of stereoscopic Plotters - Direct optical projection Stereo plotters: components, Projection systems, Viewing systems, Measuring and tracing systems, Interior Orientation, Relative Orientation, Absolute Orientation, Analytical plotter: Introduction, System

components and Methods of operations and its advantages. Project planning: Flight planning: Introduction, Photographic end lap and side lap, Purpose of the Photography, Photo Scale, Flying Height, Stereoscopic Plotter Considerations, Ground coverage, Weather conditions, Season of year, Flight Map, Specifications, Cost estimating and Scheduling

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Elements of Photogrammetry by PAUL R. WOLF, 3rd edition, ISBN 007-123689-9
• 2. Introduction to Modern Photogrammetry (Paperback) by Edward M. Mikhail, James S. Bethel

REFERENCES:

• 1. Manual of Photogrammetry – American Society of Photogrammetry By ALBERT.D
• 2. Aerial Photographic Interpretation by D. R. Lueder, McGraw-Hill Companies
• 3. Photogrammetry- Vol I by Krauss, J., - Springler – Verlag Publications
• 4. Photogrammetry 3rd Edition by Moffitt, Francis H. & Mikhail, Edward M., - Harper and Row Publishers.
• 5. Principles and Applications of Photo Geology By SHIV PANDEY