JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Course Objectives

To obtain knowledge on concepts, principles and planning of watershed

management activities.

Course Outcomes:

• Conceptual knowledge on characterization of watersheds, ecosystems.
• An outlook on management of watersheds and ecosystems.

UNIT - I

Introduction: Concept of watershed development, Objectives of watershed development, need for watershed development in India, Integrated and multi-disciplinary approach for watershed management.

UNIT - II

Characteristics and principles of Watershed: Size, shape, physiography, slope, climate, drainage, land use, vegetation, geology and soils, hydrology and hydrogeology, socio-economic characteristics, basic data on watersheds. Types of erosion, factors affecting erosion, effects of erosion on land fertility and land capability, estimation of soil loss due to erosion, Universal soil loss equation.

UNIT - III

Measures to Control Erosion and water harvesting: Contour techniques, ploughing, furrowing, trenching, bunding, terracing, gully control, rockfill dams, brushwood dam, Gabion. Rainwater Harvesting, catchment harvesting, harvesting structures, soil moisture conservation, check dams, artificial recharge, farm ponds, percolation tanks.

UNIT - IV

Land & Ecosystem Management: Land use and Land capability classification, management of forest, agricultural, grassland, and wild land. Reclamation of saline and alkaline soils. Role of Ecosystem, crop husbandry, soil enrichment, Inter, mixed and strip cropping, cropping pattern, sustainable agriculture, bio-mass management, dry land agriculture, Silvi pasture, horticulture, social forestry and afforestation.

UNIT - V

Planning of watershed management activities:peoples participation, preparation of action plan, administrative requirements.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Land and Water Management by VVN Murthy, Kalyani Publications.
• 2. Watershed Management by JVS Murthy, New Age International Publishers.
• 3. Water Resource Engineering by R.Awurbs and WP James, Prentice Hall Publishers.