JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

UNIT - I

Environmental Chemistry Basic concepts from general chemistry: chemical equations, types of chemical reactions, calculations from chemical equations, solutions, activity and activity coefficients, chemical equilibria, chemical thermodynamics, factors affecting chemical equilibrium. Gas laws.

UNIT - II

Acid Base Equilibria: fundamentals, equilibrium diagrams, alkalinity and acidity, the carbonic acid system, buffering inwater systems, measuring alkalinity. Solubility Equilibria: Solubility equlilibria for slightly soluble salts, effect of other solutes on salt solubility, removal of heavy metals from complex water and wastewater systems

UNIT - III

Oxidation reduction Equlilibria: oxidation reduction processes galvanic cell and chemical thermodynamics, stability diagrams measuring redox potentials. Water Stabilization: Electrochemical aspects of corrosion, water stabilization, Langelier saturation index, Caldwell Lawrence diagrams, Water softening and neutralization: chemical precipitation, ion exchange Application of Redox Chemistry:

UNIT - IV

Microbiology: The characterization, classification and identification of microorganisms, morphology and fine structure of bacteria, Reproduction and growth. Pure cultures and cultural characteristics, Enzymes and their regulations.

UNIT - V

Microbial metabolism, energy production, utilization of energy and biosynthesis. Fungi, molds and yeast, algae, protozoa, viruses. Control of microorganisms. Microbiology of domestic water and wastewater, industrial microbiology. Epidemiology of infectious diseases, microbial agents of diseases.

REFERENCES:

• 1. Sawyer, C. N. and Mc Carty, P. L.: Chemistry for Environmental Engineers, Mc Graw-Hill Book Co., New Delhi, 1990.
• 2. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, American Public Health Association Inc. New York, 1992.
• 3. Mc Kinney R.E.: Microbiology for sanitary engineers, Mc Graw Hill Book Company Inc., New York, 1962.
• 4. Liptrot, G. F., Thompson, J.J., and Walker, G. R., Modern Physical Chemistry, ELBS, London, 1984.
• 5. Brock, T.D.: Biology of Microorganisms, Prentice - Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1979.
• 6. Benefield, L.D., Judkins, J.F. and Weand, B.L.: Process Chemistry of Water and Wastewater, Prentice Hall Inc., 1990. M. Tech – I Year – I Sem. (Env. Engg.) COMPUTATIONAL AND STATISTICAL METHODS (PE - I) -I Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations - Solution by Taylor's Series -Euler's Method – Runge-Kutta Methods - Simultaneous and Higher Order Equations -Boundary Value Problems - Applications in environmental problems.

UNIT - II

Finite Difference Method - Finite Difference Representation of Differential Equations - Stability - Consistency and Convergence of Partial Differential Equations - Time integration - Finite Difference Methods in Solution of Steady and Unsteady Problem -Jacobi's Method, Gauss Seidel Method, Successive Over Relaxation Method and Method of Characteristics - Application and examples from flood routing studies, groundwater etc.

UNIT - III

Classification and Presentation of Data - Basic Concepts of Probability - Probability Axioms - Analysis and Treatment of Data - Population and Samples - Measures of Central Tendency - Measures of Dispersion - Measures of Symmetry - Measures of Peakedness Probability Distributions - Discrete and Continuous Probability Distribution Functions - Binomial, Poisson, Normal, Lognormal, Exponential, Gamma Distributions, Extreme Value Distributions - Transformations to Normal Distributions, Selecting A Probability Distribution, Parameter Estimation - Method of Moments, Method of Maximum Likelihood, Probability Weighted Moments and Least Square Method, Joint Probability Distributions in Environmental Applications.

UNIT - IV

Regression Analysis - Simple Linear Regression, Evaluation of Regression - Confidence Intervals and Tests of Hypotheses - Multiple Linear Regression - Correlation and Regression Analysis, in Environmental Applications

UNIT - V

Fuzzy logic and Neural Networks – Introduction – Concepts of fuzzy logic – Basic Fuzzy Mathematical Operations – Mathematical Model of Neuron, Learning Algorithms – Architecture - Applications

REFERENCES:

• 1. Akai, T.J, (1994) “Applied Numerical Methods for Engineers”, John Wiley Inc., New York
• 2. Haan C.T., (1995), “Statistical Methods in Hydrology”, East West Press, New Delhi
• 3. Huyorkon, P.S. and Pinder, G.F.: "Computational Methods in Subsurface Flow", Academic Press, 1983.
• 4. Press, W.H., Flannery, B.P. and Tenklsky, S.A. and Vetterling, W.T.: "Numerical Recipes - The Art of Scientific Computing", Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
• 5. Kosko, B (1997), “Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems”, Prentice Hall of India, N Delhi
• 6. Abbot, M.A. and Vervey (1996), “Computational Hydraulics”, Elsevier Publications M. Tech – I Year – I Sem. (Env. Engg.)