JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

Prerequisites

Fluid Mechanics, Thermodynamics

Course Objectives

The course is intended to introduce the application of nanotechnology in different

applications related to thermal engineering.

Course Outcomes

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:

• Understand the types of nano fluids and the effect of volume concentration and temperature on thermo physical propertiesof nano fluids
• Estimate thermal conductivity and specific heat of nanofluids.
• Determine Nusselt number and friction factor of various nanofluids using correlations
• Apply nano fluids in industrial heat exchanger and study their effect in obtaining higher thermal efficiency and saving energy
• Apply nanofluids in heating and cooling processes

UNIT - I

Introduction to nanofluids, nanostructure materials, base fluids, dispersion, sonication and stable suspension. Various types of nanofluids-volumetric concentration. Thermophysical properties: Density; principles of measurement and apparatus. Theoretical equations and new empirical correlations to determine the density of different nanofluids. Viscosity: principles of measurement and apparatus. Andrade’s and other theoretical equations and new empirical correlations to determine the viscosity of different nanofluids. Effect of volumetric concentration and temperature. Effect of subzero temperature on nanofluid viscosity.

UNIT - II

Thermal conductivity: principles of measurement and apparatus. Hamilton-Crosser and other theoretical equations and new empirical correlations to determine the thermal conductivity of different nanofluids. Effect of volumetric concentration and temperature. Effect of Brownian motion on enhancing the thermal conductivity. Specific heat: principles of measurement and apparatus. Buongeorno’s thermal equilibrium equation and other theoretical equations and new empirical correlations to determine the specific heat of different nanofluids. Effect of volumetric concentration and temperature.

UNIT - III

Combined effects of thermophysical properties of nanofluids on the thermal diffusivity, the Prandtl number, the Reynolds number and the Nusselt number. Basic understanding of their effects on frictional loss and Heat transfer. Convective heat transfer: Single-phase fluid equations, laminar flow, entry length and fully developed friction factor and heat transfer coefficient. Graetz number effect in the entry region. Correlations for friction factor and Nusselt number for nanofluids. Turbulent flow: Single phase fluid fully developed flow Dittus-Boelter and Glienilski equations. Blasius and other turbulent friction factor correlations. Their comparison with nanofluids data. New correlations for turbulent friction factor and Nusselt number for nanofluids.

UNIT - IV

Principles of measurement and apparatus for the nanofluid convective heat transfer coefficient. Recent empirical relations for convection coefficient of various types of nanofluids. Effect of particle Peclet number. Effect of volumetric concentration. Application of nanofluids to various types of industrial heat exchangers. Heating capacity, mass flow, heat exchanger surface area, LMTD and pumping power for nanofluids versus conventional heat transfer fluids.

UNIT - V

Application to building heating and cooling Comparison of nanofluids performance with glycol solution in hydronic coils. Application to automobile radiators. Comparison of the performance of nanofluids under arctic and sub-arctic temperatures with glycol solutions. Introduction to electronic cooling in microchannels with nanofluids.

TEXT BOOKS:

• 1. Microscale and Nanoscale Heat Transfer by C. Sobhan and G. Peterson, First edition, CRC Press.
• 2. Handbook of Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology by H.S. Nalwa, I edition, Vol. I and II, American Scientific Publishers.
• 3. Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology by Bharat Bhushan, 1st edition, Springer-Verlag Publication

REFERENCE BOOKS:

• 1. Text book of Nano Science and Nano Technology by BS Murthy, P. Shankar, Universities Press.
• 2. Fluid Mechanics by F. M. White, 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill.
• 3. Heat Transfer by A. Bejan 2nd Edition, John Wiley M.Tech, I Year, I Sem