JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II Year PRINCIPLES OF SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRONOMY Previous Question Paper (December - 2018 - R13)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
PART A
Describe different soil forming processes.
Answer
Soil forming processes include pedogenesis, which involves fundamental processes like humification (decomposition of organic matter), eluviation (leaching of materials from upper layers), illuviation (deposition of leached materials in lower layers), calcification (accumulation of calcium carbonate), and laterization (removal of silica and accumulation of iron/aluminum oxides).
"Soil is a living body". Describe the statement.
Answer
Soil is considered a living body because it hosts a vast ecosystem of microorganisms, fungi, bacteria, and fauna that actively participate in nutrient cycling, decomposition of organic matter, and soil structure formation. These biological activities regulate soil fertility, aeration, and water retention, making the soil a dynamic, self-sustaining medium rather than an inert mass of minerals.
Write short notes on mechanism of gases exchange in soil.
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Define mulch. Write about types of mulches.
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What is Biological Nitrogen Fixation.
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Write the methods of reclamation of acidic soils.
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Define Agronomy and write the classification of field crops.
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What is puddling? Describe in brief advantages and disadvantages of puddling.
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What is soil erosion and explain Universal Soil Loss Equation?
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Write in brief the concept of organic farming in India.
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PART B
Define soil. Explain briefly the role of each of the four major soil components.
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What is soil consistency? Describe consistence at different moisture level.
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Define rock. Give the classification of rocks with examples.
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Define weathering. Describe in detail weathering of rocks and minerals.
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What are the factors affecting and management of soil temperature?
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Write composition of soil air. Give importance of soil air in relation to soil and crop management.
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What do you mean by soil air? How does gaseous exchange take place between soil and atmosphere?
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Define soil colloids. Describe importance and properties of soil colloids.
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How can we judge the quality of irrigation water with different parameters?
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Write the properties of Kaolinite and Montmorillonite by drawing the simple structures.
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How does soil acidity affect the plant growth?
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Describe in detail C:N ratio. How will you maintain soil organic matter?
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Discuss on tillage, time and method of seeding, seed rate and different planting methods of maize.
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What are the methods of fertilizer application?
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What is tilth and explain effects of tillage on soil properties?
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Describe different methods and time of application of fertilizers manures.
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Define dry farming. Write in detail about the soil constraints for crop production in drylands.
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What are different processes of wind erosion? State various factors affecting wind erosion.
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Give the classification of weeds based on life cycle and cotyledon characters with suitable examples.
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Explain suitable Agronomic measures of soil and water conservation.
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