JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II FLUID MECHANICS Previous Question Paper (February - 2024 - R13)
Question paper consists of Part A, Part B.
Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions.
In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
What is Dynamic viscosity and what are the units of it?
Answer
Dynamic viscosity is a measure of a fluid's internal resistance to flow or deformation when subjected to shear stress. It is defined as the ratio of shear stress to the rate of shear strain, expressed by the relationship:
Distinguish between total pressure and center of pressure.
Answer
Total pressure is the total force exerted by a static fluid on a submerged surface, whether the surface is plane or curved. It is the resultant of all the individual pressure forces acting on the surface and is calculated by multiplying the pressure at the centroid of the area by the total area of the surface.
Center of pressure is the specific point on the submerged surface through which the resultant total pressure force acts. For a plane surface, it is always located below the centroid of the area because the pressure intensity increases with depth.
Differentiate steady and unsteady flow.
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What is flow net in understanding fluid properties?
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Define and state the applications of momentum equation.
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What are the different types of forces involved in Euler’s equation?
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What is meant by boundary layer?
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Define displacement thickness in a boundary layer.
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What is Moody’s Chart?
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What do you understand by Hydraulic gradient line?
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Part B
Derive an expression for the depth of center of pressure from free surface of liquid of an inclined plane surface submerged in the liquid.
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An inverted differential manometer containing an oil of specific gravity 0.9 is connected to find the difference of pressures at two points of a pipe containing water. If the manometer reading is 40cm, find the difference of pressures.
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Develop an expression for surface tension on a liquid droplet.
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An oil of viscosity of 0.55 N-s/m2 is used for lubrication between a shaft and a sleeve. The diameter of shaft is 0.55 m and it rotates at 220 rpm. Find the power lost in oil for a sleeve length of 100 mm. The thickness of the oil film is 1 mm.
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Define stream function and velocity potential. What are their uses?
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A pipe, through which water is flowing, is having diameters 45 cm and 25 cm at the cross-sections 1 and 2 respectively. The velocity of water at section 1 is 5.5 m/s. Find the velocity head at the sections 1 and 2 and also rate of discharge.
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State the principle of continuity equation. Derive the 1-D continuity equation for a fluid flow along a stream line flow.
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The flow field is given by ψ = x3y. Check whether the given field exists or not? Further check whether it is irrotational?
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Develop the Bernoulli’s equation of motion along a stream line and list out limitations of Bernoulli’s equation.
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Find the discharge through a trapezoidal notch which is 1.12 m wide at the top and 0.55 m at the bottom and is 0.44 m in height. The head of water on the notch is 0.3 m. Assume Cd for rectangular portion =0.62, while for triangular portion 0.60.
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List out the applications of stepped notch. Derive an expression for the measurement of discharge by stepped notch.
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Horizontal venturi meter with inlet and throat diameters 35cm and 18cm is used to measure the flow of water. The reading of differential manometer connected to the inlet and the throat is 20 cm of mercury. Determine the rate of flow. Take Cd = 0.98.
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Define laminar boundary layer, turbulent boundary layer, laminar sub layer and boundary layer thickness.
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Write the characteristics of boundary layer along a thin flat plate.
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How will you find the drag on a flat plate due to laminar and turbulent boundary layers?
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Develop an expression for Prandtl’s boundary layer equation by considering the suitable variables.
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Derive an expression for loss of head due to sudden contraction.
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Find the head lost due to friction in a pipe of diameter 320 mm and length 55 m, through which water is flowing at a velocity of 3m/s using (i) Darcy formula (ii) Chezy’s formula for which C=60.
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Derive an expression for the loss of head due to friction in flow through circular pipes.
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A horizontal pipe of diameter 500mm is suddenly contracted to a diameter of 270 mm. The pressure intensities in the large and smaller pipe is given as 12.734 N/cm2 and 10.772 N/cm2 respectively. Find the loss of head due to contraction, if Cc=0.62. Also determine the rate of flow of water.
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