JNTU
JNTU B.Tech III GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT Previous Question Paper (August/September - 2024 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Define porosity.
Answer
Porosity is defined as the ratio of the volume of void spaces (pores) in a rock or soil material to its total bulk volume. It is expressed as a percentage or a decimal fraction and indicates the capacity of a geological formation to store water.
where n is porosity, Vv is the volume of voids, and Vt is the total volume of the sample.
What is mean by specific retention?
Answer
Specific retention is defined as the ratio of the volume of water that a rock or soil material will retain against the force of gravity to the total volume of the rock or soil mass. It represents the portion of water held in the pores by molecular attraction and surface tension after the material has been allowed to drain under gravity.
Mathematically, it is expressed as:
where Sr is the specific retention (expressed as a percentage), Vr is the volume of water retained, and Vt is the total volume of the porous medium. Together with specific yield, specific retention constitutes the total porosity of the formation.
What is storage coefficient?
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Define permeability.
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What are leaky aquifers?
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Write the assumptions of Theim’s equation.
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Write about the basin method of artificial ground water.
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Discuss the principle of resistivity logging as a sub-surface exploration method.
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Classify the methods of well construction.
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Write measure to control of seawater intrusion
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Part B
On a particular day, in a field well the initial water table was observed 6 m below the ground level. The water table was lowered 8 m below the ground surface when quantity of 4,00,000 m³ of water was pumped per square kilometer. Compute the specific yield, specific retention of soil assuming the porosity as 30% and there are no other losses.
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Discuss the hydrological vertical distribution of groundwater.
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Explain the geology explain the geological formation of various types of aquifers.
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Discuss in brief how hydrological cycle affects the recharge of groundwater.
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Derive the differential equation governing groundwater flow in three dimensions.
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Derive groundwater flow equation in polar coordinate system.
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Discuss in brief about a groundwater flow control and their applications.
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A field sample of an unconfined aquifer is packed in a test cylinder. The length and the diameter of the cylinder are 50 cm and 6 cm, respectively. The field sample is tested for a period of 3 min under a constant head difference of 16.3 cm. As a result, 45.2 cm³ of water is collected at the outlet. Determine the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer sample.
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What are the various steps involved to obtain the expression for the steady radial flow in the confined aquifers.
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A 30cm well fully penetrate a confined aquifer 30m deep. After a long period of pumping at a rate of 1200 1.p.m, the draw downs in the wells at 20 and 45m from the pumping well are found to be 2.2m and 1.8m respectively. Determine the transmissibility of the aquifer. What is the draw down in the pumped well?
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Write assumption of Dupit’s and Thiem’s equations.
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State Non equilibrium equation for unsteady flow towards a well and discuss Jocob's simplifications.
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Describe in detail about seismic refraction method.
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Explain the procedure for the Aerial Photogrammetric applications in ground water sub surface investigations.
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What is artificial recharge of ground water? Discuss its need and list out the methods of artificial recharge of ground water.
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State and derive Ghyben Herzberg relation to study and measure saline water intrusion in aquifers.
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Describe different methods of well drilling, mentioning their merits and suitability for different field conditions.
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