JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III Year LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATIONS Previous Question Paper (February - 2023 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.
Part A
Draw the circuit for integrator using op-amp.
Answer
An integrator is an operational amplifier circuit that performs the mathematical operation of integration, where the output voltage is proportional to the time integral of the input voltage. The circuit is constructed by replacing the feedback resistor of an inverting amplifier with a capacitor.
The circuit diagram consists of:
- An op-amp with the non-inverting terminal connected to ground.
- An input resistor R connected between the input signal source and the inverting terminal.
- A feedback capacitor C connected in parallel with the feedback path between the output terminal and the inverting terminal.
- A parallel feedback resistor is often added in practical circuits to provide a DC feedback path to prevent output saturation due to input offset voltages.
Describe stable and quasi stable state.
Answer
In the context of multivibrator circuits, states are defined by the ability of the circuit to maintain a specific output voltage level without external triggering.
- Stable State: A state is considered stable if the circuit can remain in that condition indefinitely until an external trigger signal is applied. In a stable state, the circuit is self-sustaining, meaning the feedback mechanism maintains the output at a fixed logic level (either high or low) without any time-dependent decay. A classic example is the bistable multivibrator (flip-flop), which possesses two stable states and requires a trigger to transition between them.
- Quasi-stable State: A quasi-stable state (or metastable state) is a condition where the circuit remains for a finite, predetermined period of time before automatically transitioning to another state. Unlike a stable state, the circuit cannot stay in this condition indefinitely. The duration of the quasi-stable state is typically determined by the time constant of an RC network within the circuit. Once the capacitor charges or discharges to a specific threshold, the circuit switches back to its stable state. This behavior is characteristic of monostable multivibrators (one-shot timers) and astable multivibrators (oscillators).
Define the terms related to DAC (i) Linearity (ii) Resolution.
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What are the different types of code converters?
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Distinguish between synchronous counter and asynchronous counter.
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Draw a fixed voltage regulator circuit and write its limitations.
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of active filter over passive?
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An 8-bit D/A converter as a resolution of 8mV/bit. Find the analog output voltage for the input 10111010?
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Design a parallel binary subtractor circuit.
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Write short note on universal shift register.
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Part B
List the ac and dc characteristics of an op amp.
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Describe the function of instrumentation amplifier with the help of expressions.
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Design a differentiator circuit that will differentiate input signal with fmax = 100Hz.
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Define the function of a comparator and explain non-inverting comparator with the help of input and output waveforms.
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Design a triangular waveform generator using op-amp and explain its operation.
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Draw the functional block diagram of 565IC and explain its working.
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Design a second order LPF at a cut off frequency of 2 KHz and draw its frequency response.
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Derive the expression for time period of an astable multivibrator using 555 timer.
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Draw the functional diagram of a dual slope integrating type ADC and also obtain expression for the output voltage.
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Discuss how an inverted R-2R DAC is implemented and mention its purpose?
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Draw the circuit of successive approximation A/D converter and explain its operation with an example.
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Discuss weighted resistor type D/A converter and mention the limitations of it.
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Design a Priority encoder circuit and which 74XX series IC is used for it.
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Construct a 16×1 multiplexer using five 4×1 multiplexer.
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Design a driving circuit for LED and which 74XX series IC is used for it.
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Design a 16-bit comparator using 74X85 ICs. Draw the relevant circuit diagram.
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Draw the excitation table of a JK flip-flop and explain its operation. What is race around problem? How is it over come?
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Explain how a 4×4 binary multiplier can be designed using 256x8 ROM.
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Design an 8-bit serial-in and parallel-out shift register with flip-flops. Explain the operation with the help of timing waveforms.
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How many address and data lines are required to access all the locations of dynamic RAM cell arrays specified below? i) 4M × 4 ii) 1M × 1
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