JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II TRANSDUCERS AND INSTRUMENTATION Previous Question Paper (April - 2018 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
Part A
Write the working principle of LVDT.
Answer
The LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) operates on the principle of mutual induction. It consists of a primary winding and two secondary windings wound on a hollow cylindrical former. When an AC excitation is applied to the primary winding, a magnetic flux is produced which links with the secondary windings. The output voltage is the difference between the voltages induced in the two secondary windings, which varies linearly with the displacement of a movable ferromagnetic core placed within the former.
What is the principle of electromagnetic velocity sensors?
Answer
The principle of electromagnetic velocity sensors is based on Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction. When a conductor moves through a magnetic field, or a magnetic field moves relative to a conductor, a voltage is induced in the conductor proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux linkage.
In these sensors, a coil is typically attached to the object whose velocity is to be measured, while a permanent magnet remains stationary (or vice versa). As the object moves, the conductor cuts the magnetic flux lines, generating an electromotive force (EMF) given by:
Since the rate of change of flux is directly proportional to the velocity of the conductor, the induced voltage serves as a direct measurement of the instantaneous velocity of the moving body.
Define charge sensitivity and voltage sensitivity of piezoelectric transducers.
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What is the working of bonded strain gauge type torque sensor?
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List the advantages of electronic volt meters.
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Write the balancing equations of Scherings Bridge?
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List the applications of wave analyzers.
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What is the working principle of ultrasonic densitometer?
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What is the working of a rotary transformer?
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Write the advantages optical fiber data transmission.
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Part B
Explain the principle and working of strain gauges with measuring circuits and derive the expression for gauge factor of strain gauge.
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Describe the principle and working of laser and stroboscopic methods for measurement of speed.
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Describe the principle and working of piezoelectric transducers and derive the expression for its output voltage with the help of its equivalent circuit.
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Explain the working accelerometer with necessary diagram.
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Explain the principle and working of variable reluctance and differential transformers for force measurement.
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Describe the construction and working of bonded strain gauge type torque measurement system.
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Explain the working of a piezoelectric transducers for force measurement with a neat diagram.
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Write the advantages and disadvantages of piezoelectric transducer.
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Explain the construction and working of thermocouple type voltmeters with a neat schematic.
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Draw the neat diagram of Maxwell’s AC bridge for measurement of unknown inductance and derive the expressions for its balance.
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Explain various methods for extension of ranges of ammeters and voltmeters with neat diagrams.
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Draw the neat schematic of Schering’s AC bridge for measurement of unknown capacitance.
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Explain the principle and working of frequency synthesizer with a neat schematic and mention its applications.
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Explain the principle and working of a null balance type PH meter with a neat schematic diagram.
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Draw the block diagrams of wave analyzer and explain its working and applications.
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Explain the working of ultrasonic densitometer with a neat sketch and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
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Discuss various data transmission techniques used in analog and digital signals using fiber and radio telemetry.
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Explain with a neat schematic of pneumatic data transmission system and mention its advantages and disadvantages.
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Explain the working a synchro position repeater and rotary transformers for data transmission.
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Describe different techniques for digital data transmission with neat diagrams and mention their relative merits.
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