JNTU B.Tech IV TELEMETRY AND TELECONTROL Previous Question Paper (March - 2021 - R16)

A Telemetry system is essential for the remote measurement and data transmission of physical quantities from inaccessible or hazardous locations to a central control station. It enables real-time monitoring, data logging, and automated control of industrial processes, ensuring safety, efficiency, and accurate decision-making in complex systems.

A Non-electrical telemetry system typically relies on mechanical or pneumatic energy to transmit information. In these systems, the measured variable is converted into a mechanical displacement or a change in fluid pressure. For example, in a simple mechanical system, a linkage or a cable-pulley arrangement transmits the movement of a sensor directly to a remote indicator. Because these systems do not require an external electrical power source at the measurement site, they are inherently safe for use in explosive or flammable environments. However, they are generally limited by distance, suffer from high friction, and have slower response times compared to electrical systems.

Electrical telemetry is preferred in modern industrial applications due to its high speed, long-distance capability, and seamless integration with digital control systems and microprocessors. Conversely, pneumatic telemetry remains relevant in specific industrial sectors, such as oil and gas or chemical plants, where the environment is highly explosive and the use of electrical sparks must be strictly avoided. While pneumatic systems are robust and reliable, they are constrained by the physical limitations of air pressure transmission, making them unsuitable for large-scale, geographically distributed networks.