JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (September - 2020 - R16)

Automobile engines are primarily classified based on the cycle of operation, fuel used, and ignition method. The main types include:

• Spark Ignition (SI) Engines: Operate on the Otto cycle using petrol. They are lightweight, have lower noise levels, and offer smooth operation. They are widely used in passenger cars and motorcycles.
• Compression Ignition (CI) Engines: Operate on the Diesel cycle. They offer higher thermal efficiency, better fuel economy, and higher torque output. They are the standard for heavy-duty vehicles, trucks, and buses.
• Rotary (Wankel) Engines: Use a triangular rotor instead of reciprocating pistons. They are compact and have a high power-to-weight ratio but suffer from poor fuel economy and sealing issues.
• Hybrid/Electric Powertrains: Combine internal combustion engines with electric motors to optimize efficiency and reduce emissions, increasingly common in modern urban transport.

Routine automotive service involves the inspection, maintenance, and repair of critical systems to ensure safety and performance. Key components and equipment serviced include:

• Engine Systems: Regular oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, spark plug inspection, and timing belt or chain adjustments.
• Fuel and Exhaust Systems: Cleaning or replacing fuel injectors, fuel filters, and checking the catalytic converter and muffler for leaks or blockages.
• Braking System: Inspection of brake pads, discs, drums, and hydraulic lines, along with brake fluid flushing.
• Electrical System: Battery health checks, alternator output testing, and inspection of lighting and wiring harnesses.
• Suspension and Steering: Checking shock absorbers, struts, ball joints, and tie rod ends for wear, and performing wheel alignment and balancing.
• Cooling System: Pressure testing the radiator, checking coolant levels, and inspecting hoses and the water pump.