JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS Previous Question Paper (September/October - 2023 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
What is the significance of irreversible process?
Answer
An irreversible process is significant because it represents all real-world natural processes, which are accompanied by an increase in the total entropy of the universe. It indicates the direction of spontaneous change and defines the limit of efficiency for energy conversion systems.
What do you mean by the thermodynamic extensive property?
Answer
An extensive property is a thermodynamic property whose value depends on the quantity or size of the matter present in the system. Examples include mass, total volume, total internal energy, and total enthalpy. These properties are additive in nature.
Compare adiabatic process and isothermal process.
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Discuss the possibility of reversible adiabatic process.
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Explain the difference between carnot cycle and carnot theorem.
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How can you define third law of Thermodynamics?
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Explain the concept of Fugacity and its significance.
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Define the Gibbs energy change and its application.
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Define molecularity and its importance.
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What do you mean by catalysis in chemical reactions?
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Part B
Explain the concept of thermodynamic equilibrium.
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What is meant by process? List out the reasons for irreversibility of the process.
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Show that heat is a path function and not a property.
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Explain the concept of the system and differentiate between the homogeneous and heterogeneous systems.
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Show that internal energy is a property of the system.
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Calculate the amount of heat required to convert 100 kg of ice at -10°C into steam at 100°C at normal pressure.
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A balloon is filled with air (200 kPa and 300K) such that it becomes as sphere of diameter 1m. It is then gradually heated till the pressure rises to 500 kPa. Determine the amount of work done during the process, assuming that the pressure inside the balloon is proportional to the diameter of the balloon.
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Show that the entropy change in a cyclic process is zero.
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Calculate the total entropy change of the system when 10 kg of water at 20°C is converted into ice at -10°C at atmosphere pressure.
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Two Carnot engines A and B are operated in series. The first one A receives heat at 900 K and reject to a reservoir at temperature T K. The second engine B receives the heat rejected by the first engine and in turn rejects to a sink at 400 K calculate the temperature T when (a) The efficiencies of the two engines are equal (b) The work output of the two engines are equal.
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From the fundamentals derive the Maxwell’s equations and their significance.
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Compare and contrast the Helmholtz function and Gibbs energy and derive the change in Gibbs energy from thermal relationships.
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Explain the collision theory and the significance of kinetics of chemical processes.
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What is the significance of the order of reaction and explain the second order reaction with examples.
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