JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III THERMODYNAMICS FOR PETROLEUM ENGINEERS Previous Question Paper (May/June - 2019 - R15)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.
Part A
Explain state and path functions.
Answer
A state function is a property whose value depends only on the current state of the system, not on the path taken to reach that state (e.g., pressure, temperature, internal energy). A path function is a property whose value depends on the specific process or path taken to transition between two states (e.g., work, heat).
Explain the laws of thermodynamics.
Answer
The Zeroth Law establishes thermal equilibrium and the concept of temperature. The First Law states the conservation of energy, where energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed. The Second Law introduces entropy, stating that the total entropy of an isolated system always increases over time. The Third Law states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.
What are the different type of thermodynamic temperature scale and draw the relation between them?
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Explain cubic equation of state.
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Define turbine and throttling process.
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What is mollier diagram? Explain.
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Define fugacity and fugacity coefficient.
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Define residual and excess Gibbs energy.
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Explain the uses of LLE.
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Define bubble point, dew point and tie line in equilibrium curve.
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Unit I
Ten kilograms of carbon dioxide (CO2) is held in a piston-and-cylinder device. The CO2 undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of three processes. The processes are: Process 1-2: constant pressure expansion; Process 2-3: constant volume; Process 3-1: constant temperature compression. a) Sketch the cycle path on a PV Diagram. b) Calculate the net work done in kJ. Given: T1 = 145 °C, T2 = 440 °C, P1 = 150 kPa.
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Explain reversible process with an example.
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Derive the equation for constant-V process.
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Unit II
Explain PVT behavior of pure substance.
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Derive the equation for adiabatic and isothermal process based on first law of thermodynamic.
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An ideal gas, Cp = (5/2)R and Cv = (3/2)R, is changed from P1 = 1 bar, V1 = 12 m3 to P2 = 12 bar and V2 = 1 m3 by following processes: a) Isothermal process b) Adiabatic compression followed by cooling at constant pressure c) Adiabatic compression followed by cooling at constant volume. Calculate Q, W, ΔH, ΔU for each process and sketch the paths of all processes on a single P-V diagram. (R = 8.314 J. K-1. mole-1).
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Unit III
A turbine operates adiabatically with superheated steam entering at T1 (600 °C) and P1 (8000 kPa) with a mass flow rate of 80 kg/s. The exhaust pressure is P2 (30 kPa) and the turbine efficiency of 80%. Determine the output of the turbine and the enthalpy and entropy of the exhaust steam.
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Derivation task part a.
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Derivation task part b.
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Unit IV
Deduce Gibbs-Duhem equation in terms of activity coefficients.
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Show that Van Laar equation satisfies the Gibbs-Duhem equation.
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Distinguish between Raoult's law and Henry's law.
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Derive the relations for partial properties V1, V2 in a binary system.
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Unit V
Describe about Vapor/Liquid/Liquid equilibrium.
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Explain Solid/Liquid equilibrium.
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Derive the equations for VLE from virial equation of state.
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