JNTU
JNTU B.Tech IV HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY Previous Question Paper (December - 2019 - R15)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.
Part A
What are the environmental effects of high dissolved salt concentration of produced water?
Answer
High dissolved salt concentration (salinity) in produced water increases soil salinity, which can lead to soil structure degradation, reduced permeability, and osmotic stress in plants. In aquatic ecosystems, it alters water density and osmotic pressure, potentially harming freshwater organisms and disrupting local biodiversity.
Write notes about water based drilling fluids and oil based drilling fluids.
Answer
Water-based drilling fluids (WBM): Use water as the continuous phase with additives like bentonite clay. They are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and commonly used for shallow or non-reactive formations.
Oil-based drilling fluids (OBM): Use oil (diesel or mineral oil) as the continuous phase. They offer superior lubrication, thermal stability, and shale inhibition, making them ideal for deep, high-temperature, or reactive shale formations, though they require stricter environmental disposal protocols.
What are the toxicities of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons?
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Define sodium adsorption ratio. Mention its importance.
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What is exempt waste and non – exempt waste?
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Define energy audit. How energy audits are conducted?
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What are the duties of safety officer in oil mines?
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Summarize the precautionary steps to be taken for drilling work over.
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What are the respiratory effects of petroleum hydrocarbons?
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Mention the reasons and effects of corrosion in petroleum industry.
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Part B
Discuss the various treatment methods used to treat waste from drilling and production activities.
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Explain the guiding principles for environmentally responsible petroleum operations.
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Explain the disposal of drilling wastes by on – site reserve pits.
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Discuss the sources of air pollution in the petroleum industry.
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Discuss the types of toxicity measurements used in petroleum industry.
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Explain the impact of crude oil on marine animals.
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Explain the sources and effects of noise in petroleum exploration.
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Discuss about steps involved and importance of hazard identification in risk assessment.
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Explain the minimization of toxic waste by “material substitution” method.
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Discuss the steps in the development of contingency plans.
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Describe the removal of dissolved solids by reverse osmosis method.
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Explain the remediation of contaminated sites by soil flushing method.
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Discuss the regulations and guidelines for design of pipeline and laying of pipeline on land.
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Explain the guidelines and regulations to be followed for: (a) Storage and use of flammable material and (b) Precaution against noxious and flammable gases.
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Describe the mechanism of Hydraulic fracturing technique.
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Write notes about acidizing operation in well stimulation.
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Discuss the guidelines and regulations for maintaining occupational safety and health in oil and gas industry.
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