JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech IV GREEN FUEL TECHNOLOGIES Previous Question Paper (May - 2019 - R15)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
PART - A
What is bio ethanol? Mention the plant sources for bio – ethanol production.
Answer
Bio-ethanol is an ethyl alcohol produced by the fermentation of sugars derived from biomass. Primary plant sources include sugar crops (sugarcane, sugar beet), starch crops (corn, wheat, cassava), and lignocellulosic biomass (agricultural residues, wood chips).
Define pyrolysis. What are the process conditions and products of pyrolysis?
Answer
Pyrolysis is the thermochemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen. The process typically occurs at temperatures between 400°C and 800°C. The products are bio-oil (liquid), bio-char (solid), and non-condensable gases (syngas).
Name the microbial sources of starch saccharifying enzymes.
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Write notes about types of molasses and their composition.
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Define cetane number of biodiesel. Give its physical significance.
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Mention the physicochemical characteristics of Jatropha and Karanja oils.
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What is the working principle of floating drum biogas plant?
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What are the composition and uses of biogas?
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Mention the factors affecting rate and amount of hydrogen production by fermentation.
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What is the working principle and applications of microbial fuel cell?
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PART - B
Explain the reasons for the development and commercialization of plant based fuels.
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Discuss the major components present in any plant based biomass source.
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Describe the reaction steps in biomass gasification process and list the major products formed.
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Discuss the thermo chemical conversion of biomass by combustion process.
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Draw the Scheme of ethanol manufacturing process from molasses and discuss the process steps involved.
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What are endo amylases and exo amylases? Mention their role in starch processing.
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Explain the production of ethanol from low temperature cooked corn starch.
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Discuss the alkaline catalyst transesterification of triglycerides to esters process for biodiesel production.
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Explain the desirable properties requirement of biodiesel for transport sector applications.
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Describe the schematic diagram of fuel system with dynamometer engine for the evaluation of palm oil based biodiesel.
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How biodiesel is produced from karanja oil?
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Discuss the four main phases involved in the biological production of methane from biomass.
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With neat sketch, explain the constructional features and working principle of fixed dome biogas plants. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of biogas.
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Describe the biochemical pathway for fermentative H2 production by Thermotoga.
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Name the methods for detecting hydrogen concentration in the gas phase.
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Explain the role of microbial cultures and redox mediators in microbial fuel cells.
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Write notes about power density calculation in microbial fuel cells.
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