JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II FLUID MECHANICS I Previous Question Paper (April/May - 2023 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Define Specific gravity and viscosity.
Answer
Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of a standard fluid (water at 4°C for liquids). Viscosity is the property of a fluid that offers resistance to shear deformation or flow, representing the internal friction between fluid layers.
State Hydrostatic Law and its applications.
Answer
The Hydrostatic Law states that the rate of increase of pressure in a vertically downward direction is equal to the specific weight of the fluid at that point, expressed as dP/dz = -ρg. It is used to calculate pressure variations in static fluids, design manometers, and determine forces on submerged surfaces.
Differentiate between rotational and irrotational flows.
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Define Streak line and write its uses.
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Explain how flow rate is measured with a Pitot-tube?
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Write the assumptions made for derivation of Bernoulli’s equation.
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What is use of Moody’s Chart?
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Differentiate total energy line (T.E.L) and hydraulic gradient line (H.G.L).
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Write the assumptions made in Navier Stokes equation.
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Discuss the phenomenon of separation in a diverging flow.
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Part B
List out the different types of Manometers. Explain the working principle of Micromanometer with neat sketch.
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Calculate the specific weight, density and specific gravity of one litre of a liquid weighs 7 N.
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A gauge on the suction side of a pump shows a negative pressure of 0.285 bar. Express this pressure in terms of (a) N/m2 absolute (b) m of water gauge (c) m of oil (sp. gr. 0.85) absolute and (d) cm of mercury gauge. Take atmospheric pressure as 76 cm of mercury and specific gravity of mercury as 13.6.
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Derive an equation for continuity equation in 3-Dimesional flow with cartesian coordinates from the fundamentals.
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A plate having an area of 0.6 m2 is sliding down the inclined plate at 30 degrees to the horizontal with a velocity of 0.36 m/s. There is a cushion of fluid 1.8 mm thick between the plane and the plate. Find the viscosity of the fluid if the weight of the plate is 280 N.
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Define path line, streak line, and stream line with neat sketches. For what type of flow path line, streak line, and stream lines are identical.
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In a two dimensional incompressible flow, the fluid velocity components are given by u = x – 4y and v = -y – 4x. Show that velocity potential exists and determine its form. Find also the stream function.
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An oil of specific gravity 0.85 is flowing through a venturi meter having inlet diameter 30cm and throat diameter 15cm. The oil mercury differential manometer shows a reading of 40cm. Calculate the discharge of oil through the horizontal venturi meter. Take Cd as 0.98.
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What are the assumptions made in deriving Euler’s equation and state its applications.
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State Bernoulli’s equation and derive it for flow along a streamline.
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The diameters of a pipe at the sections 1 and 2 are 10 cm and 15 cm respectively. Find the discharge through the pipe if the velocity of water flowing through the pipe section 1 is 5 m/s. determine also the velocity at section 2.
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Explain characteristics of laminar and turbulent flows.
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Explain pipes in parallel and pipes in series.
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Two pipes each 300 m long are available for connecting to a reservoir from which a flow of 0.085 m3/s is required. If the diameters of the two pipes are 0.30 m and 0.15 m respectively, determine the ratio of the head lost when the pipes are connected in series to the head lost when they are connected in parallel. Neglect minor losses.
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Explain the factors influencing the frictional loss in pipe flow.
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A thin flat plate 0.3 m wide and 0.6 m long is suspended and exposed parallel to air flowing with a velocity of 4m/s. Calculate drag force on both sides of the plate when the 0.3 m edge is oriented parallel to free stream. Consider flow to be laminar and assume that for air: nu = 0.18 stokes and rho = 1.2 kg/m3.
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Discuss the Characteristics of boundary layer along a thin flat plate with neat sketch.
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Find the displacement thickness, the momentum thickness and energy thickness for the velocity distribution in the boundary layer given by u/U = 2 (y/ delta) – (y/ delta)^2.
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