Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech III WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (March - 2024 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, Answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
Differentiate between confined and unconfined aquifers.
Answer
An unconfined aquifer is an aquifer where the water table is free to rise and fall, and the upper boundary is the water table itself, which is at atmospheric pressure. In contrast, a confined aquifer is an aquifer that is completely saturated and bounded above and below by impermeable layers (aquitards or aquicludes), causing the water within it to be under pressure greater than atmospheric pressure.
List ideal requirements of an intake.
Answer
An ideal intake structure should satisfy the following requirements to ensure a reliable and safe water supply:
- It must be located at a site where the best quality of water is available, preferably upstream of any potential sources of pollution or sewage discharge.
- The structure must be capable of drawing the required quantity of water under all conditions, including minimum and maximum water levels in the source.
- It should be constructed of durable materials and designed to be robust enough to withstand the forces of currents, waves, ice, and floating debris.
- The intake must be equipped with appropriate screens or strainers to prevent the entry of fish, debris, and other suspended matter that could clog the system.
- It should be easily accessible for routine maintenance, inspection, and cleaning, and designed to allow for future expansion if necessary.
What are coagulant aids? Give two examples.
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Differentiate between discrete and flocculant particle settling.
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What is dechlorination? List two examples used for dechlorination.
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How is disinfection different from sterilization?
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What is break down reserve in design of storage reservoirs. How is it estimated?
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What is equivalent pipe? When is it used?
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What are the objectives of aeration in water treatment?
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List problems associated with hardness in water.
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Part B
Estimate the population of a town in 2021, 2031 and 2041 by arithmetic increase and geometric increase methods. Use the senses data given below. Year 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011. Population: 246243, 694346, 960786, 1023432, 1099123, 1144453.
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What is fire demand? Explain the factors influencing fire demand.
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Present a detailed comparison between ground water and surface water while considering them as source of water supply for a city.
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List the effects of following water quality parameters if present in drinking water. Also give their Indian drinking water standards as per IS code: i) Turbidity, ii) Chlorides, iii) Nitrates, iv) Residual chlorine.
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Considering river as a source of water supply, sketch the various units in a water treatment plant and explain the functions of each unit.
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Design a PST for a city with a population of 12,00,000 when they are supplied with 100 lpcd. State all the assumptions made during the design process. Use peak factor 3.
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Bring out a detailed comparison between plain sedimentation and coagulation based sedimentation.
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Explain the procedure for determining the optimum dose of coagulant using Jar test apparatus.
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Design a Rapid Sand Filter (RSF) for the data in question no 4(b). State the assumptions made.
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With help of a sketch, explain the working of a RSF indicating the valve positions clearly.
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What do you mean by chlorination and explain advantages of chlorination over other methods of disinfection.
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With help of a sketch, explain the various phases of break point chlorination curve.
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Bring out a comparison between gravity and pumping systems used in water distribution.
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Explain the step by step procedure for estimation of storage capacity of a reservoir using mass curve method.
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Explain the salient features of dead end system, explain why looped systems are preferred to dead end systems.
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Derive an expression for the discharge correction factor while analyzing the pipe networks using Hardy-Cross method.
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List the problems associated with algae in water. Explain the methods adopted to control algae in water.
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Write a detailed note on Iron and manganese removal.
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What causes hardness in water? Explain methods used for removal of hardness in drinking water.
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Explain the effects of fluorides in drinking water, discuss methods used for removal.
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