JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II Year TRANSDUCERS ENGINEERING Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R16)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
PART - A
Define the class of Standards available for use and Calibration process.
Answer
Standards are classified into four categories: International Standards, Primary Standards, Secondary Standards, and Working Standards. Calibration is the process of comparing an instrument of unknown accuracy against a higher-accuracy standard to detect and adjust for errors, ensuring the instrument's measurements are traceable to national or international units.
Define limiting error. Derive the expression for relative limiting error.
Answer
Limiting error is the maximum deviation from the specified value guaranteed by the manufacturer. If a quantity has a true value At and a measured value Am, the absolute error is ε = Am - At. The relative limiting error er is defined as the ratio of the absolute error to the true value:
Expressed as a percentage, this is er(%) = [(Am - At) / At] × 100.
Give practical examples of second order systems.
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Explain the differences between zero order and first order system.
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List the salient features of Semiconductor Sensors used for temperature measurement.
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State the relative merits and demerits of Thermistors in comparison to Wire wound resistance coils.
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Give the applications of Anemometer.
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What are the units employed in Vacuum measurement. Identify the gages used for vacuum measurement?
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State the principle of Drag force flow meter.
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Differentiate Averaging Pitot tube and Pitot-static tube.
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PART - B
With the help of two port block diagram bring out the basic two port equations of transducer. Explain how the equations are represented in ideal transducers and real transducers.
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The expected value of the voltage across a resistance is 90V. However the measurement gives a value of 79V. Calculate (i) Absolute error (ii) Relative accuracy (iii) % error and (iv) % of accuracy.
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Discuss the importance of Time and Frequency Standard in your own words.
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Enumerate the function of each block in a Measurement system with the help of neat diagram.
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A spring Damper system has a spring of stiffness of 10 kg/cm and a damper of damping coefficient 2kg-sec/cm. The top end of the spring is suddenly pulled up by a distance of 2 cm and held in that particular position (that is step input). Determine the following:
a) The response of the system
b) Time constant of the system
c) Practical time for complete response
d) Response in percentage when the time elapsed is 0.5 sec.
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Define Settling Time. For a Step function obtain the response of First order instrument.
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Distinguish between ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ characteristics of an instrument. Explain dynamic characteristics in detail.
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Show the different forms of Manometer and explain the principle of operation of industrial manometer.
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Show how the resistance- temperature characteristics of a thermistor look like and comment on its suitability for temperature measurement.
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A platinum thermometer has a resistance of 100Ω at 25C. i) Find its resistance at 65C if the platinum has a resistance temperature coefficient of 0.00392/C. ii) If the thermometer has a resistance of 150Ω, calculate the temperature.
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Describe the system used for the measurement of very high Pressure with neat diagram.
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Illustrate with figure how Yaw Tube determines the direction of local flow velocity.
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Draw the response characteristics of Microphone and explain its operation for Sound measurement.
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State the drawback of Pitot-static tube and explain its effect in the measurement of local flow.
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Describe the operation of Constant Current type Hot wire Anemometer with relevant diagrams.
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Describe the construction, working and theory of an electromagnetic type flow meter. Compare the operations of this meter when it is excited by dc and ac.
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Discuss the advantages of Ultrasonic flow meters and explain the principle of operation.
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A Venturi tube is to be used to measure a maximum flow rate of water of 50 gpm at 20C. The throat Reynolds’ number is to be at least 10^5 at these flow conditions. The upper scale limit is to be scheduled to correspond to the maximum flow rate. Determine the size of the venturi and the maximum range of the differential pressure.
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