JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II METALLURGY AND MATERIAL SCIENCE Previous Question Paper (September/October -2023 - R16)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B.
ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, answer all questions.
iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
What is co-ordination number?
Answer
The co-ordination number is defined as the number of nearest neighbors that an atom has in a crystal lattice. It represents the number of atoms that are in direct contact with a central atom within the unit cell structure.
Distinguish between electron compounds and intermetallic compounds with examples.
Answer
Electron compounds, also known as Hume-Rothery phases, are intermediate phases in alloy systems where the crystal structure is determined primarily by the ratio of valence electrons to the number of atoms (electron-to-atom ratio). They do not necessarily follow simple stoichiometric proportions and often exhibit a wide range of composition. An example is the CuZn (beta-phase) with an electron-to-atom ratio of 3/2.
Intermetallic compounds are distinct chemical compounds formed between two or more metallic elements, characterized by fixed stoichiometric proportions and a specific crystal structure that differs from those of the constituent metals. They typically possess strong metallic or ionic-covalent bonding, resulting in high hardness and brittleness. An example is Mg2Sn or Fe3C (cementite).
What is Lever rule? Explain.
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What is eutectic reaction?
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Why heat treatment is done for alloys?
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What is hardening?
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What is the chemical composition of cast iron?
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Distinguish between brass and bronze.
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What are crystalline ceramics?
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What are cermets?
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Part B
Grains and grain boundaries
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Types of solid solutions.
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List out different types of Bravais lattice structures with their characteristics and examples.
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Explain the governing rules for the formation of substitutional solid solutions.
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Explain and derive Gibb’s phase rule.
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Explain the eutectoid phase transformation reactions with examples.
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What are the different solid state phase transformation reactions? Explain them in detail.
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Explain the construction of TTT diagrams of hypo eutectoid steels.
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Explain the phase transformations obtained during cooling of eutectoid steel from austenite to room temperature under different cooling rates.
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Draw Fe – Fe3C diagram and explain all points, lines and areas. Explain three phase transformation reactions in the diagram.
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Distinguish between nodular cast iron and malleable cast iron.
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Explain the composition, microstructure, properties and applications of nodular cast iron.
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Give the classification of Cu and its alloys and write the important properties of copper and its alloys.
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Explain the important properties and applications of titanium alloys.
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Explain the classification of composites and mention its applications.
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Explain important properties and applications of ceramics.
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What are polymers? Explain important properties and applications of polymers.
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Explain the classification of polymers and give examples for each one of them.
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