JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II Year THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS Previous Question Paper (March - 2022 - R16)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
State and explain Zeroth law of thermodynamics and discuss its important applications.
Answer
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This law provides the fundamental basis for the measurement of temperature.
When two systems are in thermal equilibrium, there is no net exchange of heat between them, implying they share the same temperature. By utilizing a third system, such as a thermometer, we can compare the temperatures of two bodies without bringing them into direct contact. The primary application of this law is the construction and calibration of temperature-measuring devices, such as mercury-in-glass thermometers, thermocouples, and resistance thermometers, which rely on the principle that if the thermometer indicates the same reading for two different systems, those systems are at the same temperature.
To a closed system, 150 kJ of work is supplied. The initial volume is 0.6 m3 and pressure of the system changes as
Answer
Given: Work supplied to the system
The work done in a closed system is given by the integral of pressure with respect to volume:
Integrating from
Solving this quadratic equation using the formula
The two possible values for
Calculating final pressure:
The system undergoes compression, resulting in a decrease in volume and an increase in pressure, which is consistent with the work being done on the system.
Derive the relation between heat, work and internal energy based on first law of thermodynamics.
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What is meant by ideal gas and derive equation for entropy change?
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A compressor handles 10 kg/s of air at 28 °C and by consuming a power of 75 kW. The inlet and outlet velocities of air are 180 m/s and 250 m/s respectively and the exit is 10 m elevated than inlet. Find the exit air temperature assuming that there is a heat loss of 0.5 kW.
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Explain third law of thermodynamics and explain the method of obtaining the
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How do we estimate the heat capacity of gases for constant pressure and for constant volume? Explain.
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A fluid at a pressure of 3.5 bar, and with specific volume of 0.2 m3/kg, contained in a cylinder behind a Piston expands reversibly to a pressure of 0.8 bar according to a law
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What is concept of entropy? Explain the methods to estimate the entropy of system and surrounding.
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Based on the first law of thermodynamics, how to estimate the efficiency of a Carnot cycle? Derive the corresponding equation.
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From the first principle, deduce the Maxwell’s relation and explain their practical applications from metallurgical point of view.
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What is the condition for the possibility of a thermodynamic process? Discuss its importance in understanding the feasibility of the process.
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What is second order reaction? Derive the half life period for type II second order reaction?
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Explain the Arrhenius Theory of reactions Kinetics? And derive its equation from the first principle.
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