JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R13)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
Part A
Define terms enthalpy and internal energy.
Answer
Internal energy (U) is the total microscopic kinetic and potential energy associated with the atoms and molecules within a system. Enthalpy (H) is a thermodynamic property defined as the sum of internal energy and the product of pressure and volume, expressed as
State different forms of first law of thermodynamics.
Answer
The first law of thermodynamics can be stated in several forms:
- Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
- Closed System: The change in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the heat added minus the work done by the system (ΔU = Q - W).
- Isolated System: The total energy of an isolated system remains constant.
Define second law of thermodynamics.
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Explain about Carnot theorem.
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Define the term fugacity.
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How the equilibrium constant varies with temperature?
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What is Gibb's phase rule in thermodynamics?
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Explain Duhring's rule.
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State the collision theory in kinetics.
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Outline the importance of kinetics in thermodynamics.
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Part B
Discuss the application of first law of thermodynamics for isobaric and adiabatic processes.
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Explain about Kirchhoff's law and equations.
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Prove that
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Explain about Zeroth law of thermodynamics with example.
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Derive expression for entropy change of perfect gas. Discuss the important characteristics of entropy.
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State and explain the third law of thermodynamics with two applications.
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Explain the entropy change associated with reversible and irreversible processes.
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Derive necessary equation for the variation of entropy with temperature under isobaric condition.
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Using Maxwell's relation prove that the enthalpy of an ideal gas at constant temperature is independent of its pressure.
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Explain about the variation of equilibrium constant with temperature.
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How does free energy change predict about the feasibility of reaction?
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Derive Gibbs-Helmholtz equation for free energy.
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Explain terms Gibb's free energy and internal energy.
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Using the Clausius - Clapeyron equation, estimate the vapour pressure of benzene at 300 K, given that its boiling point at atmospheric pressure is 353 K and Δvap H = 30.8 KJ/mol.
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Explain applications of Gibb’s phase rule to one component system.
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Explain terms: (i) Maxwell’s relation (ii) Clausius - Clapeyron equation.
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Differentiate between regular solution and ideal solution.
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How do you determine the order of reaction and explain about it?
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A second order reaction has a initial concentration of the reactants of 0.4 moles/litre. The reaction is 30 percent complete in 80 min, calculate the rate constant and the time it would take for the reaction to be 80 percent complete.
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Explain about collision theory and absolute reaction rates.
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