JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2017 - R13)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
Part A
Define density and specific gravity.
Answer
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance, expressed as ρ = m/V. Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance (usually water at 4°C) at a specified temperature.
Write the differences between weight percent and volumetric percent.
Answer
Weight percent represents the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the mixture, multiplied by 100. Volumetric percent represents the volume of a component divided by the total volume of the mixture, multiplied by 100. Weight percent is independent of temperature, whereas volumetric percent is temperature-dependent due to thermal expansion or contraction.
Write Clausius Clapeyron equation.
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Write about Critical properties of liquids.
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What is Tie substance?
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Write about the processes involving in Chemical reactions?
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Write about non polar liquids.
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Write a brief note on heat of combustion.
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Define gross and net calorific value of a fuel?
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Write the equation to calculate thermal efficiency.
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Part B - Unit I
Explain about methods of expressing the composition of mixtures and solutions.
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Explain about kinetic theory of gases.
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A gas mixture contains 0.274 kg-mole of HCl, 0.337 kg-mole of nitrogen, and 0.089 kg-mole of oxygen. Calculate: i) Volume occupied by this mixture ii) Its density at pressure 1 atm and Temperature 30oC.
Write the applications of Ideal-gas law.
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Part B - Unit II
The following table gives the vapour pressure of water at various temperatures. Plot the data and use your graph to estimate the vapour pressure of water at 25oC and at 75oC. What is the vapour pressure of water at 110oC? Use these data to determine the value of ΔHvap for water.
| T(oC) | 0 | 10 | 30 | 50 | 60 | 80 | 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P(mmHg) | 4.6 | 9.2 | 31.8 | 92.6 | 150 | 355 | 760 |
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Write short note on the following:
- a) Liquefaction
- b) Antoine equation
- c) vapour pressure plots.
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Part B - Unit III
A solution of sodium carbonate is causticized by the addition of partly slaked commercial lime. The lime contains only calcium carbonate as an impurity. A small amount of caustic soda is in the original solution. The mass obtained from the causticization has the following analysis: CaCO3-13.48%, Ca(OH)2-0.28, Na2CO3-0.61, NaOH-10.36, H2O-75.27 (Total 100%).
Data: NaOH=0.594%, Na2CO3=14.88%, H2O=84.53 Total=100%. The following items are desired:
- a) The weight of lime charged per 100 lb of the causticized mass, and the composition of the lime
- b) The weight of the alkaline liquor charged per 100 lb of the causticized mass, and the composition of the alkaline liquor.
- c) The reacting material that is present in excess and its percentage excess
- d) The degree of completion of the reaction
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Calcium carbide is produced according to the reaction: CaO + 3C → CaC2 + CO. Estimate the consumption of lime and coke for the production of 1 ton of calcium carbide with a composition of 78% CaC2, 15% CaO, 3% C, and 4% other impurities. The lime contains 96% CaO, and the coke contains 90% C.
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Part B - Unit IV
What theoretical and actual flame temperature? Explain.
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Explain about heat of formation and neutralization.
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Discuss the following:
- a) Kistyakowsky equation
- b) Kopp’s rule
- c) latent heat of vaporization
- d) Tourton’s rule.
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Part B - Unit V
A producer gas with the composition by volume, 27.3% CO, 5.4% CO2, 0.6% O2, 66.7% N2 is burnt with 20% excess air. If the combustion is 98% complete, calculate the composition by volume of the flue gases.
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Calculate the standard heat of formation of n-butane (g) (C4H10) at 298K from a knowledge of standard heat of combustion. Data: ΔHoC of C(s) = -393.78 kJ/mol; H2(g) = -286.03 kJ/mol; C4H10(g) = -2880.44 kJ/mol.
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