JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B. Tech IV GREEN FUEL TECHNOLOGIES Previous Question Paper (July - 2019 - R15)
Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question in Part B carries 10 marks.
Part A
What is bio mass? Mention the sources and uses of biomass.
Answer
Biomass is organic matter derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms that serves as a renewable energy source. Sources include agricultural residues, forest wood, animal manure, and municipal solid waste. It is used for heat generation, electricity production, and the manufacturing of liquid biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel.
What is biodiesel? How it is prepared?
Answer
Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable fuel made from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled greases. It is primarily prepared through transesterification, where triglycerides react with an alcohol (usually methanol) in the presence of a catalyst (sodium or potassium hydroxide) to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol.
Write notes about bioethanol production by fermentation of sucrose.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What are the microbial sources and applications of starch saccharifying enzymes?
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Mention the factors affecting and importance of fatty acid composition of vegetable oils.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Summarize the technical aspects of rice bran oil processing to biodiesel.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What is methanogenesis? Mention its uses.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What are the raw material sources and factors affecting for biogas production?
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Mention the role of thermotogales in hydrogen production by fermentation.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What are the advantages and limitations of microbial fuels cells?
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Unit I
Explain the need and advantages of using biofuels for the transportation sector.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Discuss the technical aspects and steps for biomass liquefaction process.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
With a neat block diagram, describe the production of green diesel and other products from biomass by Fisher – Tropsch synthesis method.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Unit II
Discuss the production of starch saccharifying enzymes by submerged fermentation and solid-state fermentation process.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
What is molasses? Give its composition and applications.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the physical methods for the pre-treatment of lignocellulose compound.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Summarize the technical process steps for production of ethanol from cane molasses by Saccharomyces spp.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Unit III
Describe the steps involved for the production of biodiesel by: supercritical alcohol transesterfication method and ultrasonic transesterfication method.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the large scale production of biodiesel using: pongamia pinnata and jatropha seed oil.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Unit IV
Discuss the responsibilities of various microbes during the production of methane.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the main categories of biomass sources usable for methane production.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
With neat sketch, explain the constructional features and working principle of any two different types of bio gas digester plant.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Unit V
Describe the effect of process and culture parameters on the biological production of hydrogen.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Explain the biochemical basis and technical aspects for the biological production of energy by microbial fuel cell.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.
Mention the factors affecting power produced from a microbial fuel cell.
Answer
Sign in to view the complete answer paper.