JNTU
JNTU B.Tech II Year TRANSDUCTION OF PHYSICAL VARIABLES Previous Question Paper (November/December - 2018 - R15)
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B. Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit.
Part A
What are active and passive transducers? Give examples for each.
Answer
Active transducers generate their own electrical output (voltage or current) without requiring an external power source, such as piezoelectric crystals or thermocouples. Passive transducers require an external power source to operate, as they change a passive parameter like resistance, capacitance, or inductance, such as an LVDT or a thermistor.
What are the different types of errors present in a measurement?
Answer
Measurement errors are generally classified into three types: Gross errors, which are caused by human mistakes in reading or recording; Systematic errors, which are consistent errors due to instrument defects or environmental factors; and Random errors, which are unpredictable variations due to unknown causes.
Define transfer function and write transfer function for First order system.
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Define Dead time, speed of response and time constant of measurement system.
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Define Seebeck effect and Peltier effect.
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Write the working of elastic transducers for pressure measurement.
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Define vacuum and write its units.
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What is the working principle of Pitot tube flow meter?
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What are obstruction meters?
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Write the working principle of electromagnetic flowmeters.
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Part B
Explain the functional elements of a measuring system with the help of a block diagram.
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Write the primary and working standards of Voltage and Resistance.
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Describe the secondary and working standards and their importance in measurement systems.
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What is order of a measuring system? Derive the transfer function of a second order system by taking suitable example and discuss its response for step and ramp inputs with necessary diagrams.
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Explain the dynamic characteristics of measuring instruments and discuss the response of 1st order system for step, ramp and sinusoidal test signals with neat diagrams.
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Describe the theory, construction and working of resistance thermometers with neat circuit diagram. Explain the materials used for RTDs along with their properties.
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Draw the neat diagram of a Dead weight tester for pressure gauge calibration and explain its working.
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Explain the measurement of pressure using bellows and Bourdon tube gauges with neat schematics. Write the relation between displacement and pressure in these elastic elements.
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Discuss the methods of measurement of vacuum using McLeod gauge and thermal conductivity gauge and discuss their advantages and disadvantages.
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Explain the methods of measurement of sound level using piezoelectric microphones.
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Describe the following methods used for measurement of low pressure (vacuum) using: (a) Thermocouple gauges (b) Ionization gauges (c) Knudsen’s gauge
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What are area head flow meters? Explain the working an orifice flow meter.
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Explain the theory and working of ultrasonic flow meters and discuss their advantages.
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Explain the principle and working of turbine type volumetric flow meter with neat diagram.
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Explain the principle and working of a Vortex shedding flow meter with help of diagram.
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