JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS Previous Question Paper (March - 2021 - R15)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
Draw the block diagram of operational amplifier and explain each block.
Answer
An operational amplifier (op-amp) is a multi-stage direct-coupled high-gain amplifier. Its internal architecture consists of the following functional blocks:
- Input Stage: A dual-input, balanced-output differential amplifier. This stage provides high input impedance and high common-mode rejection, which is critical for minimizing noise and drift.
- Intermediate Stage: Typically another differential amplifier, often operated in a single-ended configuration to provide additional gain and level shifting.
- Level Shifting Stage: Since the previous stages are direct-coupled, the DC voltage level rises with each stage. This stage uses emitter followers or current sources to shift the DC level back to zero volts relative to ground when no signal is present.
- Output Stage: A push-pull complementary amplifier stage designed to provide low output impedance and high current-sourcing/sinking capability to drive external loads.
Determine the output voltage of the differential amplifier having input voltages V1=1mV and V2=2 mV. The amplifier has a differential gain of 5000 and CMRR 1000.
Answer
Given: V1 = 1 mV, V2 = 2 mV, Ad = 5000, and CMRR = 1000.
First, calculate the differential input voltage (Vd) and common-mode input voltage (Vc):
Next, calculate the common-mode gain (Ac) using the CMRR formula:
The output voltage (Vo) is given by:
Describe the working of Schmitt trigger with neat sketches.
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Draw the circuit of differentiator and obtain expression for output voltage.
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Design an active first order Butterworth filter HPF with a cutoff frequency of 3KHz and pass band gain of 4.
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What do you mean by Quadrature oscillator? Explain.
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Explain the working of triangular waveform generator with neat circuit diagram and waveforms.
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Design the saw tooth waveform using triangular waveform generator.
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Show that 555 timer can be used as astable multivibrator.
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Determine the output pulse width of the monostable amplifier using 555 timer if R=10 KΩ and C=0.01 µF.
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Discuss the operating principle of phase locked loop.
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Draw the PLL circuit as frequency multiplier and explain its working.
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Explain the operation of successive approximation A/D converter with neat sketches.
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Which is the fastest ADC? Why? Give some applications.
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Explain about weighted register D/A converter and obtain expression for output voltage.
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Discuss F/V Converter.
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