JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech III LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS Previous Question Paper (October - 2020 - R15)
Answer any five questions
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Main
Write about classification of ICs on the basis of application and chip complexity.
Answer
Integrated circuits are classified based on application and chip complexity as follows:
1. Classification based on Application:
- Linear (Analog) ICs: These process continuous signals. They operate in the linear region and are used in amplifiers, voltage regulators, oscillators, and active filters. Example: Op-Amp IC 741.
- Digital ICs: These process discrete signals (binary 0 and 1). They operate in saturation and cutoff regions and are used in logic gates, flip-flops, microprocessors, and memory chips. Example: 7400 series TTL gates.
2. Classification based on Chip Complexity (Integration Level):
- SSI (Small Scale Integration): Contains fewer than 10-100 components (gates) per chip.
- MSI (Medium Scale Integration): Contains 100-1,000 components. Used for counters, multiplexers, and decoders.
- LSI (Large Scale Integration): Contains 1,000-10,000 components. Used for simple microprocessors and RAM.
- VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration): Contains 10,000-100,000 components. Used for complex processors and high-density memory.
- ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration): Contains over 100,000 components, used in advanced CPUs and GPUs.
Differentiate between monolithic and hybrid ICs with suitable examples.
Answer
| Feature | Monolithic IC | Hybrid IC |
|---|---|---|
| Construction | All components (active and passive) are formed on a single semiconductor chip. | Active components are discrete, while passive components are deposited on a ceramic substrate. |
| Manufacturing | Fabricated using batch processing (diffusion/epitaxial growth). | Fabricated by interconnecting discrete components on a substrate. |
| Cost | Low cost for mass production. | High cost; suitable for low-volume or specialized applications. |
| Performance | Limited power handling and component precision. | Better performance, higher power handling, and high-precision passive components. |
| Examples | Op-Amps (IC 741), Logic Gates. | High-frequency amplifiers, specialized power circuits. |
Write about the temperature ranges and power supply requirements of Integrated circuits.
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Draw the schematic symbol of op-amp. And discuss the role of each terminals.
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With a neat diagram explain about AC inverting amplifier.
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Explain about voltage regulators.
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Explain how operational amplifier can act as differentiator.
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Explain V to I and I to V using op-Amp.
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Write about classification of filters and mention the advantages of active filters over passive filters.
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Derive the transfer function expression for nth order Butterworth filter.
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Derive the expression for frequency response of 2nd order Butterworth filter and compare it with higher orders.
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Write about Missing pulse detector using 555 timer.
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Explain about linear Ramp generator using 555 timer.
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Write about the R-2R ladder DAC.
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Write about the DAC and ADC specifications.
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