Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad B.Tech II CHEMICAL PROCESS CALCULATIONS Previous Question Paper (March - 2021 - R15)
Answer any five questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Main
A solution of sodium chloride in water contains 230 grams of NaCl per liter at 20°C. The density of the solution at this temperature is 1.148 g/cm³.
Composition in weight percent
Answer
Given: Mass of NaCl = 230 g, Volume of solution = 1 L = 1000 mL. The mass of the solution is calculated as density multiplied by volume: 1.148 g/cm³ × 1000 cm³ = 1148 g. The weight percent of NaCl is (mass of solute / mass of solution) × 100 = (230 / 1148) × 100 = 20.03%.
Volumetric percent of water
Answer
The mass of water in the solution is 1148 g - 230 g = 918 g. At 20°C, the density of pure water is approximately 0.9982 g/cm³. The volume of water is 918 g / 0.9982 g/cm³ = 919.66 mL. The volumetric percent of water is (volume of water / volume of solution) × 100 = (919.66 / 1000) × 100 = 91.97%.
Composition in mole percent
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Write the applications of ideal gas law.
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Explain about the kinetic theory of gases.
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Ethyl ether at a temperature of 20°C exerts a vapor pressure of 442 mm Hg. Calculate the composition of a saturated mixture of nitrogen and ether vapor at a temperature of 20°C and a pressure of 745 mm Hg expressed in the following terms:
Percentage composition by volume
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Percentage composition by weight
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Pounds of vapor per cubic foot mixture
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Air at a temperature of 20°C and a pressure of 750 mm Hg has a relative humidity of 80%.
Calculate the molal humidity of the air.
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Calculate the molal humidity of this air if its temperature is reduced to 10°C and its pressure increased to 35 psi, condensing out some of the water.
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The spent acid from a nitrating process contains 33% H₂SO₄, 36% HNO₃, and H₂O by weight. This acid is to be strengthened by addition of concentrated sulfuric acid containing 95% H₂SO₄ and concentrated nitric acid containing 78% HNO₃. The strengthened mixed acid is to contain 40% H₂SO₄ and 43% HNO₃. Calculate the quantities of spent and concentrated acids that should be mixed together to yield 1500 lb of the desired mixed acid.
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A coal containing 87% total carbon and 7% unoxidized hydrogen is burned in air.
If air is used 40% in excess of that theoretically requires, calculate the number of pounds of air used per pound of coal burned.
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Calculate the composition, by weight, of the gases leaving the furnace, assuming complete combustion.
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Explain about heat capacities of solids.
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How do you calculate theoretical flame temperature and actual flame temperature? Explain.
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What is Kisyakowsky equation? How it is applied to estimate the enthalpy of non polar liquids.
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