JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD Pharm. D I Year HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Previous Question Paper (October - 2019 - R08)

The nucleus is the largest organelle in the cell, often referred to as the control center. It is surrounded by a double-membrane nuclear envelope containing nuclear pores that regulate the transport of molecules. It houses the cell's genetic material in the form of chromatin (DNA and proteins), which directs cellular activities, including protein synthesis and cell division. Within the nucleus, the nucleolus is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly of ribosomes.

Skeletal muscle tissue is a type of striated, voluntary muscle tissue primarily attached to bones via tendons. Its cells, known as muscle fibers, are long, cylindrical, and multinucleated, with nuclei located peripherally. The tissue is characterized by alternating light and dark bands called striations, resulting from the organized arrangement of contractile proteins, actin and myosin, into units called sarcomeres. It is responsible for body movement, posture maintenance, and heat production, and is controlled by the somatic nervous system.