JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD B.Tech II POWER SYSTEMS I Previous Question Paper (February - 2024 - R13)
Note: i) Question paper consists of Part A, Part B. ii) Part A is compulsory, which carries 25 marks. In Part A, answer all questions. iii) In Part B, Answer any one question from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks and may have a, b as sub questions.
Part A
What is a power generating station?
Answer
A power generating station is an industrial facility designed to convert various forms of primary energy—such as chemical energy in fuels, potential energy of water, or nuclear energy—into electrical energy. It houses the necessary equipment, including prime movers, generators, and control systems, to facilitate the bulk production of electricity for distribution to consumers.
What are the different merits and demerits of nuclear power plant?
Answer
Nuclear power plants offer significant advantages and specific challenges in power generation:
Merits:
- High energy density: A small amount of nuclear fuel produces a vast amount of energy compared to fossil fuels.
- Low operating costs: Once established, the cost of fuel is relatively low and stable, and the plant requires very little fuel by weight.
- Environmentally clean operation: Nuclear power plants do not emit greenhouse gases or pollutants like sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides during normal operation, making them a low-carbon energy source.
Demerits:
- High capital cost: The initial investment for construction, safety systems, and containment structures is extremely high.
- Radioactive waste management: The disposal and long-term storage of hazardous radioactive waste pose significant environmental and safety risks.
- Safety and public concern: There is a risk of catastrophic accidents, and public perception is often negative due to potential radiation exposure and the complexity of decommissioning old plants.
Briefly discuss different types of distribution systems?
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Compare overhead and underground distribution systems?
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Define the term Bus-bar.
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Explain how to decide the rating of a distribution a substation?
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What are the causes of low power factor?
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Discuss the importance of power factor correction.
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What it gives the area under the daily load curve?
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Develop neat sketch elucidate about different load curves.
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Part B
With a neat sketch explain line diagram of a thermal power plant.
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Discuss the factors for the choice of site for a nuclear power plant.
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Explain essential components of a nuclear reactor which are used in the nuclear power station.
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What are the factors to be considered for site selection of constructing a thermal power plant?
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A 2 wires dc distributor cable AB is 2km long and supplies loads of 100A, 150A, 200A and 50A situated 500m, 1000m, 1600m and 2000m from the feeding point A. Each conductor has a resistance of 0.01ohm per 1000m. calculate potential difference at each load point if a potential difference of 300V is maintained at point A.
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Derive the equations for voltage drop and power loss in a radial feeder with uniformly distributed load fed at one end?
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Explain Radial and Ring main and interconnected systems?
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A single phase ac distributor AB 300m long is fed from end A and is loaded as under (i) 100A at 0.707 p.f lagging 200m from point A (ii) 200A at 0.8 p.f lagging 300m from point A. The load resistance of distributor is 0.2Ω and 0.1Ω/km. Calculate the total voltage drop in the distributor. The load p.f Refer to the voltage at the far end?
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Explain the various factors to be considered to decide the ideal location of substation?
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Draw and explain the single line diagram of Gas Insulated Substations (GIS).
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Explain (i) Air insulated substation (ii) Indoor and outdoor substation.
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Explain the single bus bar arrangement in substation.
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Discuss about any two methods of voltage control in power systems.
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A 3-phase transformer rated 7000kVA and has a over load capability of 125% of the rating. If the connected load is 1150 KVA with a 0.8 p.f (lag), determine the following (i). The KVAR rating of shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the KVA load of the transformer to its capability level. (ii). The p.f of the corrective level. (iii) The KVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to correct the load p.f to unity.
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With the help of a phasor diagram, show how a series capacitor boosts the voltage. What are the drawbacks of this method?
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A 3-phase, 5 kW inductions motor has a power factor of 0.85 lagging. A bank of capacitor is connected in delta across the supply terminal and power factor raised to 0.95 lagging. Determine the kVAR rating of the capacitor in each phase?
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Describe two-part and three-part tariff.
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A generating station has a connected load of 43 MW and a maximum demand of 20 MW; the units generated being 60 × 10^6 per annum. Calculate i) Load factor ii) Demand factor.
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Enlist the different factors affecting cost of generation and elucidate.
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A generating station has a maximum demand of 25MW, a load factor of 60%, a plant capacity factor of 50% and a plant use factor of 72%. Find (i) the reserve capacity of the plant (ii) the daily energy produced and (iii) maximum energy that could be produced daily if the plant while running as per schedule, were fully loaded.
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